Keyue YanChi-Fai LamSimon FongLobo Marques, Joao AlexandreJoao AlexandreLobo MarquesRichard Charles MillhamSabah Mohammed2025-04-012025-04-012025-02-13https://dspace.usj.edu.mo/handle/123456789/639510.3390/s25041126<jats:p>Causal machine learning is an approach that combines causal inference and machine learning to understand and utilize causal relationships in data. In current research and applications, traditional machine learning and deep learning models always focus on prediction and pattern recognition. In contrast, causal machine learning goes a step further by revealing causal relationships between different variables. We explore a novel concept called Double Machine Learning that embraces causal machine learning in this research. The core goal is to select independent variables from a gesture identification problem that are causally related to final gesture results. This selection allows us to classify and analyze gestures more efficiently, thereby improving models’ performance and interpretability. Compared to commonly used feature selection methods such as Variance Threshold, Select From Model, Principal Component Analysis, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator, Artificial Neural Network, and TabNet, Double Machine Learning methods focus more on causal relationships between variables rather than correlations. Our research shows that variables selected using the Double Machine Learning method perform well under different classification models, with final results significantly better than those of traditional methods. This novel Double Machine Learning-based approach offers researchers a valuable perspective for feature selection and model construction. It enhances the model’s ability to uncover causal relationships within complex data. Variables with causal significance can be more informative than those with only correlative significance, thus improving overall prediction performance and reliability.</jats:p>enleap motion controllerdynamic hand gestures identificationfeature selectioncausal effectdouble machine learningtext::journal::journal article