Cheng, Wah KwanLam, Lai TengLai TengLam2024-03-252024-03-25202220222022https://library-opac.usj.edu.mo/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=201699&query_desc=an%3A77257https://dspace.usj.edu.mo/handle/123456789/3720福建是中國傳統僑鄉之一,在澳門開埠之前已經涉足。形成第一次大規模福建籍移民定居澳門發生在六十年代東南亞排華時期,福建籍移民被迫離開居住地,大量華僑移居港澳台。以此同時受難華僑向僑鄉講述境外富足的生活引起大量原居民選擇出境謀生,首先引起有親屬關係的僑眷申請出境團聚,沒有親屬關係只能創造條件或非法途徑。因中國實行限額審批單程證來澳團聚,手續繁複,輪候時間長,促使大量有申請單程證資格而未能及時獲批的移民和沒有親屬關係的鄉民尋找非正式途徑入境澳門,至此非法移民問題長期困擾澳門。七八十年代,大批內地移民通過合法或非法途徑來澳形成第二場大規模福建人定居澳門的移民潮。在澳門的福建人中絕大多數通過海外親友牽線搭橋與幫助移居澳門,當中包括估計有兩至三萬人通過非正式途徑偷渡進入澳門的非法移民後來得到合法化得以留居澳門;再加上回歸後放寬因家庭團聚申請來澳定居,估計現時在澳門的福建人估計有十多萬,是澳門總人口的四分之一。當經濟高速增長時,存在嚴重的貧富差距,許多人抱著“發財夢”而踏上非法入境之路來澳尋找改變家族命運的機會,非法移民並不會在歷史長河中消失。本研究以在澳門的福建移民為研究對象,探討澳門的非法移民問題及其治理。研究目的,是研究和還原歷史發展歷程,以及澳門人口政策研判和政策制定提供依據。 Fujian is one of the traditional hometowns of overseas Chinese and has been involved in Macao before its opening. The first large-scale Fujian immigrants settled in Macao, which occurred in the 1960s during the Chinese exclusion period in Southeast Asia. Fujian immigrants were forced to leave their places of residence and many overseas Chinese migrated to Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan. At the same time, the suffering overseas Chinese told the hometown of overseas Chinese that the prosperous life abroad caused many original residents to choose to go to sea to make a living. First, the relatives of overseas Chinese who have family relations applied to come to Macao for the reunion, and then they started to create conditions or find illegal ways to enter Macao without family relations. After the reform and opening, a lot of mainland immigrants legally or illegally came to Macau forming the second large-scale Fujian immigrant settled in Macau. Plus, case in the relaxation of immigration applications that settle in Macau for family reunification after their return, it is estimated that there are a few hundred thousand Fujianese currently in Macau, which consists of one-fourth of Macau’s total population. The problem of illegal immigration has long plagued Macau. People living in a prosperous and stable society could not understand why so many people in the 1980s and 1990s sought informal ways to come to Macau at all costs and even lost their precious lives in the way of smuggling. This research takes Fujianese in Macau as a research object and discusses Illegal immigration and Population Policy in Macau.zhUniversity of Saint JosephThesis and Dissertations Master of History & Heritage Studies (MHHS)福建移民澳門人口政策非法移民Fujian immigrationMacaupopulation policyillegal immigrationMaster Thesis